Products related to Evolution:
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Understanding Behaviorism : Behavior, Culture, and Evolution
Understanding Behaviorism is a classic textbook that explains the basis of behavior analysis and its application to human problems in a scholarly but accessible manner. Now in its third edition, the text has been substantially updated to include the latest developments over the last decade in behaviour analysis, evolutionary theory, and cultural evolution theoryThe only book available that explains behavior analysis and applies it to philosophical and practical problems, written by one of today’s best-known and most highly respected behavioristsExplores ancient concepts such as purpose, language, knowledge, and thought, as well as applying behavioural thinking to contemporary social issues like freedom, democracy, and culturePart of the new evolutionary perspective for understanding individual behavior in general and culture in particular – culminates with practical approaches to improving the lives of all humanity
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Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms
Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms is an exploration of laboratory and field research on the many ways that evolution has influenced learning and memory processes, such as associative learning, social learning, and spatial, working, and episodic memory systems.This volume features research by both outstanding early-career scientists as well as familiar luminaries in the field.Learning and memory in a broad range of animals are explored, including numerous species of invertebrates (insects, worms, sea hares), as well as fish, amphibians, birds, rodents, bears, and human and nonhuman primates.Contributors discuss how the behavioral, cognitive, and neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory have been influenced by evolutionary pressures.They also draw connections between learning and memory and the specific selective factors that shaped their evolution.Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms should be a valuable resource for those working in the areas of experimental and comparative psychology, comparative cognition, brain–behavior evolution, and animal behavior.
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Darwinizing Gaia : Natural Selection and Multispecies Community Evolution
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Environmental Criminology : Evolution, Theory, and Practice
The field of environmental criminology is a staple theoretical framework in contemporary criminological theory.This fully revised and expanded edition of the world’s first comprehensive and sole-authored textbook on this influential school of criminological thought covers a wide range of topics, including:the origins of environmental criminology;the primary theoretical frameworks, such as social disorganization theory, the routine activity approach, geometry of crime, rational choice perspective, and multilevel models that integrate environmental criminology;the practical application of environmental criminology;an examination of how theories are operationalized and tested; andpolicy implications for the practice of crime prevention. As well as these popular topics, Martin Andresen also discusses a number of topics that are at the leading edge of research within environmental criminology.New to the third edition is an expanded coverage on multilevel models of environmental criminology, harm indices, crime mapping, hot-spot policing, and future directions in environmental criminology. This text will be ideal for courses on crime prevention, where students are often encouraged to consider policy problems and apply theory to practice.This book offers up environmental criminology as a theoretical framework for making sense of complex neighborhood problems, so it is also perfect for courses on geography of crime, crime analysis, and, indeed, environmental criminology.It would also be a good supplement for courses on criminological theory.
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What is cosmic evolution, chemical evolution, biological evolution, and cultural evolution?
Cosmic evolution refers to the development and changes in the universe over time, including the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets. Chemical evolution is the process by which elements and compounds have changed and evolved over time, leading to the formation of complex molecules and the conditions necessary for life. Biological evolution is the process by which living organisms have changed and diversified over time through genetic variation, natural selection, and other mechanisms. Cultural evolution refers to the development and changes in human societies, including the growth of technology, language, art, and social structures.
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What triggers evolution?
Evolution is triggered by a combination of factors, including genetic mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. Genetic mutations create new variations in a population, which can then be acted upon by natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Genetic drift and gene flow also play a role in shaping the genetic makeup of a population over time. These factors collectively drive the process of evolution by leading to changes in the frequency of genetic traits within a population.
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Is evolution stingy?
Evolution is not inherently stingy, but rather it is driven by the process of natural selection, which favors traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction. This can sometimes result in the appearance of stinginess, as resources are allocated to the most advantageous traits. However, evolution also promotes cooperation and mutualism in many species, leading to the development of symbiotic relationships and social behaviors that benefit the group as a whole. Overall, evolution is a complex process that can result in both competitive and cooperative behaviors, depending on the specific ecological and environmental pressures at play.
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What about evolution?
Evolution is the process by which species of organisms change over time through the process of natural selection, genetic drift, and other mechanisms. It is a fundamental concept in biology and has been supported by a large body of evidence from fields such as genetics, paleontology, and comparative anatomy. Evolution explains the diversity of life on Earth and how species have adapted to their environments over millions of years. It is a well-established scientific theory that has withstood rigorous testing and continues to be a central principle in the study of biology.
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Participatory Culture, Community, and Play : Learning from Reddit
What does online community look like in the age of social networking?How do participatory culture platforms reflect both their designers’ intentions and the desires of their users?In this incisive and timely work, Adrienne L. Massanari discusses how culture is created and challenged on Reddit.com, the self-proclaimed «front page of the internet».Reddit enables the sharing of original and reposted content from around the web, and provides a platform for like-minded individuals to commune around topics of interest – everything from the joys of drinking beer in a shower (/r/showerbeer) to celebrating the pleasures of tidy penmanship (/r/penmanshipporn).Massanari’s ethnographic work provides a detailed examination of the contradictions that shape Reddit’s culture and how they reflect its role as an epicenter of geek culture.The book explores the ways in which community on Reddit is formed and solidified through play and humor, and the complex ways in which Redditors come together, which demonstrate a deep capacity for altruism and charitable giving, but can easily lapse into mob action.It also explores the community’s troubling gender and racial politics and how some Redditors are carving out their own space on the site to fight back.
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The Origin of Humanity and Evolution : Science and Scripture in Conversation
Addressing the intense debate in science and religion in light of evolutionary population genetics, Andrew Ter Ern Loke argues that the theory of evolution as understood by mainstream scientists is compatible with Scripture.Loke asserts that resolving this area of perceived conflict would greatly benefit both scientific and religious communities, and contribute to the spiritual quest of humankind. Whilst affirming that the Bible should be interpreted according to proper hermeneutical principles such as considering the literary genre, literary context, meaning of words, grammatical relationship, and the background and concerns of the ancient authors, this book also assesses the scientific data according to proper mainstream scientific methodology.Having accomplished these tasks, it proposes a model which argues that all humans today have Adam as common ancestor even though this ancestor is not our sole ancestor.
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Cosmos and Culture : Cultural Evolution in a Cosmic Context
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Not by Genes Alone : How Culture Transformed Human Evolution
Humans are a striking anomaly in the natural world.While we are similar to other mammals in many ways, our behavior sets us apart.Our unparalleled ability to adapt has allowed us to occupy virtually every habitat on earth, and our societies are larger, more complex, and more cooperative than any other mammal's.In "Not by Genes Alone", Peter J. Richerson and Robert Boyd argue that only a Darwinian theory of cultural evolution can explain these unique characteristics. "Not by Genes Alone" offers a radical interpretation of human evolution, arguing that our ecological dominance and our singular social systems stem from a psychology uniquely adapted to create complex culture.Richerson and Boyd consider culture to be essential to human adaptation, as much a part of human biology as bipedal locomotion.Drawing on work in the fields of anthropology, political science, sociology, and economics - and building their case with such fascinating examples as kayaks, clever knots, and yams that require twelve men to carry them - Richerson and Boyd convincingly demonstrate that culture and biology are inextricably linked. In abandoning the nature-versus-nurture debate as fundamentally misconceived, "Not by Genes Alone" is a truly original and groundbreaking theory of the role of culture in evolution and a book to be reckoned with for generations to come.
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Can evolution stop?
Evolution is a continuous process driven by genetic variation, natural selection, and environmental changes. While it is theoretically possible for evolution to slow down or even temporarily stop in a stable environment with little genetic variation, it is unlikely to completely halt. As long as there are factors such as mutations, genetic recombination, and environmental pressures, evolution will continue to shape and change species over time. Therefore, while it may slow down under certain conditions, it is unlikely for evolution to completely stop.
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Will evolution change?
Evolution is a continuous process driven by genetic variation, natural selection, and environmental changes. As long as these factors continue to operate, evolution will continue to occur. However, the specific direction and pace of evolution may change in response to new environmental pressures, genetic mutations, and other factors. Therefore, while the fundamental process of evolution is unlikely to change, the specific outcomes and patterns of evolution may vary over time.
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What is the difference between synthetic evolution and natural evolution?
Synthetic evolution involves the intentional manipulation of genetic material by humans in a controlled environment, such as in a laboratory setting, to produce desired traits or outcomes. In contrast, natural evolution occurs in nature through the process of natural selection, where organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time. While synthetic evolution is directed and guided by human intervention, natural evolution is driven by environmental pressures and random genetic mutations.
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Is evolution really proven?
Yes, evolution is a well-established scientific theory that is supported by a vast amount of evidence from various fields such as genetics, paleontology, and comparative anatomy. The theory of evolution explains the diversity of life on Earth and how species have changed over time through natural selection and other mechanisms. While there may still be gaps in our understanding of certain aspects of evolution, the overall evidence strongly supports the theory as a fundamental principle of biology.
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